Effects of Deoxynivalenol and Fumonisins Fed in Combination to Beef Cattle: Immunotoxicity and Gene Expression.

TitleEffects of Deoxynivalenol and Fumonisins Fed in Combination to Beef Cattle: Immunotoxicity and Gene Expression.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2021
AuthorsRoberts, HL, Bionaz, M, Jiang, D, Doupovec, B, Faas, J, Estill, CT, Schatzmayr, D, Duringer, JM
JournalToxins (Basel)
Volume13
Issue10
Date Published2021 10 10
ISSN2072-6651
KeywordsAnimal Feed, Animals, Cattle, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Diet, Food Contamination, Fumonisins, Gene Expression Regulation, Immune System, Male, Trichothecenes
Abstract

We evaluated the effects of a treatment diet contaminated with 1.7 mg deoxynivalenol and 3.5 mg fumonisins (B1, B2 and B3) per kg ration on immune status and peripheral blood gene expression profiles in finishing-stage Angus steers. The mycotoxin treatment diet was fed for a period of 21 days followed by a two-week washout period during which time all animals consumed the control diet. Whole-blood leukocyte differentials were performed weekly throughout the experimental and washout period. Comparative profiles of CD4 and CD8 T cells, along with bactericidal capacity of circulating neutrophils and monocytes were evaluated at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 35 days. Peripheral blood gene expression was measured at 0, 7, 21 and 35 days via RNA sequencing. Significant increases in the percentage of CD4CD8 T cells were observed in treatment-fed steers after two weeks of treatment and were associated with decreased CD4:CD8 T-cell ratios at this same timepoint ( ≤ 0.10). No significant differences were observed as an effect of treatment in terms of bactericidal capacity at any timepoint. Dietary treatments induced major changes in transcripts associated with endocrine, metabolic and infectious diseases; protein digestion and absorption; and environmental information processing (inhibition of signaling and processing), as evaluated by dynamic impact analysis. DAVID analysis also suggested treatment effects on oxygen transport, extra-cellular signaling, cell membrane structure and immune system function. These results indicate that finishing-stage beef cattle are susceptible to the immunotoxic and transcript-inhibitory effects of deoxynivalenol and fumonisins at levels which may be realistically encountered in feedlot situations.

DOI10.3390/toxins13100714
Alternate JournalToxins (Basel)
PubMed ID34679007
PubMed Central IDPMC8541374