Preliminary Report
02/28/2008
Purpose
The purpose of this trial is to evaluate one and two applications of various herbicides for the control of English Daisy (Bellis perennis) growing in lawns.
Materials & Methods
The trial was initiated on October 12, 2007 and a second application was made 21 days later on November 2, 2007. The site was located on Oak Knoll Golf Course 10 miles west of Salem, Oregon on Highway 22. Oak Knoll is a low cost golf course with a very small maintenance budget. No irrigation or herbicide applications are usually made in rough areas which has resulted in high weed populations.
The trial site was located in a rough area and the plots were adjacent to a similar trial that was conducted in the spring of 2007. Before the spring trial was conducted the site had not been fertilized or irrigated in many years. The primary turf species present was bentgrass with varying populations of rattail fescue (Vulpia myorus), a recurring annual, along with some tall fescue, velvet grass (Holcus lanatus), and annual bluegrass.
During the course of the spring trial, 3 pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet was applied using Anderson’s 23-2-10 PCSCU, and the site was irrigated using a portable sprinkler attached to a quick coupler from an adjacent green. The site was mowed weekly with a 21 inch Snapper lawn mower at 2 ½ inches.
The site had received ample rain before the fall trial was started. Two pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet from a methylene urea based fertilizer (UAP - Signature) was applied on October 26th. No irrigation was applied during the course of the fall trial because of adequate rainfall.
The trial was organized in a randomized complete block design with three replications, And the individual plots measured 25 square feet (5 X 5). The products were applied with a CO2 – powered plot sprayer with a 5-foot boom and TeeJet 80015 nozzles applying 1 gallon of solution per 1,000 square feet.
Percent weed cover ratings were taken at the onset of the trial and again on November 9th and 27th, December 10th and 21st, and on January 18th. Percent weed control numbers were calculated as follows:
((Beginning Weed Cover – Ending Weed Cover)/Beginning Weed Cover X 100).
Weed injury ratings were made from 1 – 9 (1 being no injury) on October 26th, November 9th, and 27th, and December 10th.
Percent weed control and injury data were subjected to analysis of variance using a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Differences between means were determined by LSD at the 5% level
Treatments
# of Trt #TreatmentRateunitsApps 1Checknanana 2Exp 1 + X-770.01lbs ai/A1 3Exp 1 + X-770.02lbs ai/A1 4Exp 1 + MSO0.02lbs ai/A1 5Exp 1 + X-770.01lbs ai/A2 6Exp 1 + X-770.02lbs ai/A2 7Exp 1 + MSO*0.02lbs ai/A2 8EF13430.013lbs ai/A2 9Confront + X-772pts/A2 10Drive 75 DF + MSO*1lb PR/A2 11SpeedZone5pts/A2 12Q48pts/A2
• MSO = methylated seed oil
• Second application made 21 days after the first
Results
Weed Control
As of 14 weeks after treatment, all the treatments, with the exception of treatment 3, provided statistically the same control which was above 95.5%. Six of the treatments provided above 99 % control which included treatments 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, and 12. The lowest control came from treatments 2, 3, and 4 which were only applied once.
Speed of Weed Injury
Q4 and SpeedZone were the quickest to show injury in this trial both rating 3.7 two weeks after treatment. At 4 weeks after treatment, Q4 rated 7.0 and SpeedZone rated 6.0. Confront + X-77 and Drive + MSO rated 5.3 and 5.0 respectively. After 6 weeks (note 2nd application (Trts 5 through 12) was made 3 weeks after the first treatment) almost all of the treatments rated 7.0 or higher with Q4, SpeedZone, and Confront + X-77 rating 8.5, 8.5 and 8.3 respectively. At 8 weeks after treatment, all treatments rated 8.3 or higher.
Turf Injury
It is common for herbicide applications to affect turf color slightly. Often times this decrease in color is caused by the weeds turning yellow and then brown which causes the whole plot to look less green as the eye does not differentiate between the green turf color and the off-color of the weeds. This phenomenon is more apparent when weed densities are high. 
However, in this trial, the experimental products did produce some turf injury as seen in photo (above right) and in the data shown in Table 3. In the photo, above right, the first plot on the bottom right is the untreated check, followed by treatments 2, 3, 4, 5, etc. A one point reduction (e.g. from 7 to 6) in turf color is typical from an herbicide application. However, in this trial, we see a reduction of 3 points on treatments 5, 6, and 3 weeks after first application 4 weeks after first application 7. All of these treatments were applied twice. Additionally, treatments 2, 3, and 4, which were only applied once, had a turf color rating 2 points below the check.
Treatments 2, 3, & 4 regained their color by December 21st, and treatment 5, 6, & 7 regained their color one month later.
Table 1: Weed Injury Ratings 1 - 9; 1 = no injury
Weed Injury Ratings # of2 WAT4 WAT6 WAT8 WATTrt #TreatmentRateunitsApps10/26/0711/9/0711/27/0712/10/07 1Checknanana1111 2Exp 1 + X-770.01lbs ai/A11378.3 3Exp 1 + X-770.02lbs ai/A113.378.5 4Exp 1 + MSO0.02lbs ai/A113.27.38.5 5Exp 1 + X-770.01lbs ai/A2*13.36.58.5 6Exp 1 + X-770.02lbs ai/A2*13.37.28.5 7Exp 1 + MSO0.02lbs ai/A2*13.37.78.5 8EF13430.013lbs ai/A2*13.77.78.5 9Confront + X-772pts/A2*2.35.38.38.5 10Drive 75 DF + MSO1lb PR/A2*257.88.5 11SpeedZone5pts/A2*3.768.58.5 12Q48pts/A2*3.778.58.8 LSD @ .05 0.50.81.50.2
*Second application made 21 days after the first application.
Table 2: Percent Weed Control
Percent Weed Control # of4 WAT6 WAT8 WAT10 WAT14 WATTrt #TreatmentRateunitsApps11/9/0711/27/0712/10/0712/21/071/18/081Checknanana0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%2Exp 1 + X-770.01lbs ai/A10.00%85.50%96.00%95.50%95.50%3Exp 1 + X-770.02lbs ai/A10.00%73.30%93.20%86.70%93.30%4Exp 1 + MSO0.02lbs ai/A10.00%87.20%96.30%94.30%95.80%5Exp 1 + X-770.01lbs ai/A2*0.00%81.00%95.40%95.30%99.70%6Exp 1 + X-770.02lbs ai/A2*0.00%59.40%96.50%96.10%99.70%7Exp 1 + MSO0.02lbs ai/A2*0.00%84.30%95.00%95.90%99.20%8EF13430.013lbs ai/A2*0.00%89.80%95.50%96.00%97.90%9Confront + X-772pts/A2*0.00%65.50%80.90%96.80%100.00%10Drive 75 DF + MSO1lb PR/A2*0.00%76.80%96.30%96.90%100.00%11SpeedZone5pts/A2*16.70%97.60%98.00%98.40%97.90%12Q48pts/A2*44.40%97.00%99.50%100.00%99.50% LSD @ .05 13.224.610.87.36 # of4 WAT
*Second application made 21 days after the first application.
Table 3: Plot Color 1 – 9; 9 = dark green (Note: Second application made on 11/2/07) *Second application made 21 days after the first application (11-2-07).
Trt #TreatmentRateunitsApps11/9/07 1Checknanana72Exp 1 + X-770.01lbs ai/A153Exp 1 + X-770.02lbs ai/A14.74Exp 1 + MSO0.02lbs ai/A155Exp 1 + X-770.01lbs ai/A2*4.36Exp 1 + X-770.02lbs ai/A2*47Exp 1 + MSO0.02lbs ai/A2*48EF13430.013lbs ai/A2*5.79Confront + X-772pts/A2*610Drive 75 DF + MSO1lb PR/A2*611SpeedZone5pts/A2*612Q48pts/A2*5.7 LSD @ .05 0.6
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